Steel fiber reinforced konkire (SFRC) ndi mtundu watsopano wazinthu zophatikizika zomwe zimatha kuthiridwa ndikupopera powonjezera kuchuluka koyenera kwazitsulo zazifupi zachitsulo mu konkire wamba. Zakula mofulumira kunyumba ndi kunja m'zaka zaposachedwapa. Imagonjetsa zofooka za mphamvu yotsika yotsika, kutalika kwazing'ono ndi kuphulika kwa konkire. Ili ndi zinthu zabwino kwambiri monga kulimba kwamphamvu, kukana kupindika, kukana kukameta ubweya, kukana ming'alu, kukana kutopa komanso kulimba kwambiri. Yagwiritsidwa ntchito mu engineering ya hydraulic, misewu ndi mlatho, zomangamanga ndi zina zaumisiri.

 

一.Kupititsa patsogolo konkire yazitsulo zolimba

 

Fiber reinforced konkriti (FRC) ndiye chidule cha konkire yolimba. Nthawi zambiri imakhala yopangidwa ndi simenti yopangidwa ndi phala la simenti, matope kapena konkriti ndi zitsulo zachitsulo, ulusi wa inorganic kapena organic fiber reinforced materials. Ndi nyumba yatsopano yomangika pobalalitsa mofanana ulusi waufupi komanso wabwino wokhala ndi mphamvu zolimba kwambiri, kutalika kwapamwamba komanso kukana kwa alkali mu matrix a konkire. CHIKWANGWANI mu konkire amatha kuchepetsa m'badwo wa ming'alu koyambirira konkriti ndi kukulitsa kwina kwa ming'alu pansi pa mphamvu yakunja, kuthana bwino ndi zolakwika zomwe zidabadwa monga kulimba kwamphamvu, kusweka kosavuta komanso kukana kutopa kwa konkriti, ndikuwongolera magwiridwe antchito. za kusawotchera, madzi, kukana chisanu ndi kulimbikitsa chitetezo cha konkire. Konkire yolimbidwa ndi CHIKWANGWANI, makamaka konkire yachitsulo yolimbitsidwa ndi chitsulo, yakopa chidwi kwambiri m'magulu amaphunziro ndi uinjiniya muukadaulo wothandiza chifukwa chakuchita bwino kwambiri. 1907 katswiri waku Soviet B П. Hekpocab anayamba kugwiritsa ntchito zitsulo CHIKWANGWANI analimbitsa konkire; Mu 1910, HF Porter adasindikiza lipoti la kafukufuku wokhudza konkire yaifupi yolimba, kutanthauza kuti ulusi wamfupi wachitsulo uyenera kumwazidwa mofanana mu konkire kuti ulimbikitse zipangizo za matrix; Mu 1911, Graham wa ku United States anawonjezera zitsulo zachitsulo mu konkire wamba kuti awonjezere mphamvu ndi kukhazikika kwa konkire; Pofika m’zaka za m’ma 1940, United States, Britain, France, Germany, Japan ndi mayiko ena anali atachita kafukufuku wochuluka wogwiritsa ntchito zitsulo zachitsulo pofuna kupititsa patsogolo kukana kwa konkire ndi kusweka kwa konkire, ukadaulo wopanga zitsulo zachitsulo, komanso kukonza konkire. mawonekedwe a ulusi wachitsulo kuti apititse patsogolo mphamvu yolumikizana pakati pa CHIKWANGWANI ndi masanjidwe a konkire; Mu 1963, a JP romualdi ndi GB Batson adasindikiza pepala lokhudza makina opangira zitsulo zotsekera konkriti, ndipo adanenanso kuti kulimba kwa chitsulo cholimba cha konkriti kumatsimikiziridwa ndi kutalika kwapakati kwa ulusi wachitsulo womwe umagwira ntchito bwino. mu kupsinjika kwamphamvu (chiphunzitso cha fiber spacing), motero kuyambitsa gawo lachitukuko cha zinthu zatsopanozi. Mpaka pano, ndi popularization ndi ntchito zitsulo CHIKWANGWANI analimbitsa konkire, chifukwa cha kugawa osiyana ulusi mu konkire, pali makamaka mitundu inayi: zitsulo CHIKWANGWANI analimbitsa konkire, wosakanizidwa CHIKWANGWANI analimbitsa konkire, wosanjikiza zitsulo CHIKWANGWANI analimbitsa konkire ndi wosanjikiza CHIKWANGWANI wosakanizidwa. konkire yowonjezera.

 

二.Kulimbikitsa njira ya chitsulo CHIKWANGWANI analimbitsa konkire

 

1.Chiphunzitso cha makina ophatikizika. Chiphunzitso cha makina ophatikizika amatengera chiphunzitso cha ma fiber opitilira muyeso ndikuphatikizidwa ndi mawonekedwe ogawa azitsulo zachitsulo mu konkire. Pachiphunzitso ichi, ma composites amawonedwa ngati magawo awiri okhala ndi fiber monga gawo limodzi ndi matrix monga gawo lina.

 

Fiber spacing theory. Theory of fiber spacing theory, yomwe imadziwikanso kuti crack resistance, imaperekedwa kutengera mizere yolumikizira zotanuka. Chiphunzitsochi chimanena kuti kulimbitsa mphamvu kwa ulusi kumangogwirizana ndi kagawo kakang'ono ka fiber komwe kagawanika (kuchepa kochepa).

 

三.Kusanthula pa chitukuko cha zitsulo CHIKWANGWANI konkriti analimbitsa

 

1.Chitsulo chachitsulo cholimbitsa konkire.Chitsulo chachitsulo cholimbitsa konkire ndi mtundu wa konkire wofanana ndi mayendedwe angapo opangidwa ndikuwonjezera chitsulo chochepa cha carbon, chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri ndi FRP ulusi mu konkire wamba. Kusakaniza kwazitsulo zachitsulo nthawi zambiri zimakhala 1% ~ 2% ndi voliyumu, pamene 70 ~ 100kg zitsulo zachitsulo zimasakanizidwa mu mita imodzi ya konkire ndi kulemera kwake. Kutalika kwa ulusi wachitsulo kuyenera kukhala 25 ~ 60mm, m'mimba mwake kuyenera kukhala 0.25 ~ 1.25mm, ndipo chiŵerengero chabwino kwambiri cha kutalika mpaka m'mimba mwake chiyenera kukhala 50 ~ 700. Poyerekeza ndi konkire wamba, sizingangowonjezera mphamvu, kumeta ubweya, kupindika. , kuvala ndi kukana ming'alu, komanso kumapangitsanso kwambiri kulimba kwa fracture ndi kukana konkriti, ndikuwongolera kwambiri kukana kutopa ndi kulimba kwa kapangidwe kake, makamaka kulimba kumatha kuonjezedwa ndi 10 ~ 20 nthawi. The makina katundu wa zitsulo CHIKWANGWANI analimbitsa konkire ndi konkire wamba poyerekeza China. Pamene zomwe zili muzitsulo zachitsulo ndi 15% ~ 20% ndi chiŵerengero cha simenti yamadzi ndi 0.45, mphamvu yowonjezereka imawonjezeka ndi 50% ~ 70%, mphamvu yosinthika imawonjezeka ndi 120% ~ 180%, mphamvu yamphamvu imawonjezeka ndi 10 ~ 20. Nthawi, mphamvu ya kutopa imawonjezeka ndi 15 ~ 20 nthawi, kulimba kwa flexural kumawonjezeka ndi 14 ~ 20 nthawi, ndipo kukana kwa mavalidwe kumakhalanso bwino. Chifukwa chake, konkriti yolimba yachitsulo imakhala ndi mawonekedwe abwino komanso amakina kuposa konkire wamba.

2.Hybrid fiber konkire. Deta yofunikira ya kafukufuku ikuwonetsa kuti chitsulo chachitsulo sichimalimbikitsa kwambiri mphamvu yopondereza ya konkire, kapena kuchepetsa; Poyerekeza ndi konkire wamba, pali zabwino ndi zoipa (kuchuluka ndi kuchepa) kapena maganizo wapakatikati pa impermeability, kuvala kukana, zimakhudza ndi kuvala kukana wa zitsulo CHIKWANGWANI analimbitsa konkire ndi kupewa oyambirira pulasitiki shrinkage konkire. Kuonjezera apo, konkire yowonjezera yazitsulo imakhala ndi mavuto ena, monga mlingo waukulu, mtengo wapamwamba, dzimbiri komanso pafupifupi kukana kuphulika chifukwa cha moto, zomwe zakhudza ntchito yake ku madigiri osiyanasiyana. M'zaka zaposachedwa, akatswiri ena apakhomo ndi akunja anayamba kumvetsera ku hybrid fiber konkire (HFRC), kuyesa kusakaniza ulusi ndi katundu ndi ubwino wosiyana, kuphunzira kuchokera kwa wina ndi mzake, ndikupereka masewera ku "zotsatira zabwino zosakanizidwa" pamagulu osiyanasiyana komanso kukweza magawo kuti apititse patsogolo zinthu zosiyanasiyana za konkriti, kuti akwaniritse zosowa zama projekiti osiyanasiyana. Komabe, ponena za zosiyanasiyana mawotchi katundu, makamaka kutopa ake mapindikidwe ndi kuwonongeka kutopa, mapindikidwe chitukuko lamulo ndi kuwonongeka makhalidwe pansi malo amodzi ndi zazikulu katundu ndi zonse matalikidwe kapena variable matalikidwe cyclic katundu, mulingo woyenera kwambiri kusanganikirana kuchuluka ndi kusanganikirana gawo la CHIKWANGWANI, ubwenzi. pakati pa zigawo za zinthu zophatikizika, kulimbikitsa mphamvu ndi kulimbikitsa njira, ntchito yolimbana ndi kutopa, makina olephera ndi luso la zomangamanga, Mavuto a kamangidwe kakusakaniza ayenera kuphunziridwa mowonjezereka.

3.Layered zitsulo CHIKWANGWANI analimbitsa konkire.Monolithic CHIKWANGWANI analimbitsa konkire si kophweka kusakaniza wogawana, CHIKWANGWANI n'zosavuta agglomerate, kuchuluka kwa CHIKWANGWANI ndi lalikulu, ndipo mtengo ndi wokwera, zomwe zimakhudza ntchito yake lonse. Kupyolera muzochita zambiri zaumisiri ndi kafukufuku wazongopeka, mtundu watsopano wazitsulo zachitsulo, wosanjikiza zitsulo zolimba konkire (LSFRC), ukuperekedwa. Chitsulo chaching'ono chachitsulo chimagawidwa mofanana pamtunda wamtunda ndi wapansi wa msewu, ndipo pakati pamakhala wosanjikiza wa konkire. Chitsulo chachitsulo mu LSFRC nthawi zambiri chimagawidwa pamanja kapena pamakina. Chitsulo chachitsulo chimakhala chotalika, ndipo kutalika kwake kumakhala pakati pa 70 ~ 120, kusonyeza kugawidwa kwa mbali ziwiri. Popanda kukhudza mawotchi katundu, nkhaniyi osati kwambiri amachepetsa kuchuluka kwa CHIKWANGWANI zitsulo, komanso kupewa chodabwitsa cha CHIKWANGWANI agglomeration mu kusanganikirana kwa nsanamira CHIKWANGWANI analimbitsa konkire. Komanso, udindo wa zitsulo CHIKWANGWANI wosanjikiza mu konkire zimakhudza kwambiri flexural mphamvu konkire. Mphamvu yolimbikitsa ya chitsulo chosanjikiza pansi pa konkire ndi yabwino kwambiri. Ndi malo a chitsulo chosanjikiza chachitsulo chosunthira mmwamba, mphamvu yolimbikitsira imachepa kwambiri. Mphamvu yosinthika ya LSFRC ndi yoposa 35% kuposa ya konkire wamba yokhala ndi gawo losakanikirana lofananira, lomwe ndi lotsika pang'ono kuposa la konkire yachitsulo chokhazikika. Komabe, LSFRC ikhoza kupulumutsa ndalama zambiri zakuthupi, ndipo palibe vuto la kusakaniza kovuta. Chifukwa chake, LSFRC ndichinthu chatsopano chomwe chili ndi phindu labwino pazachuma komanso pazachuma komanso chiyembekezo chogwiritsa ntchito, chomwe chili choyenera kutchuka ndikugwiritsa ntchito pomanga misewu.

 

4.Konkire ya hybrid fiber konkire.Wosanjikiza wosakanizidwa CHIKWANGWANI analimbitsa konkire (LHFRC) ndi gulu zinthu zopangidwa powonjezera 0.1% polypropylene CHIKWANGWANI pamaziko a LSFRC ndi wogawana kugawira ulusi wabwino ndi waufupi polypropylene ulusi ndi mkulu amakokedwe mphamvu ndi mkulu mtheradi elongation mu chapamwamba ndi m'munsi zitsulo. ulusi konkire ndi wamba konkire pakati wosanjikiza. Ikhoza kuthana ndi kufooka kwa LSFRC wapakatikati wosanjikiza konkire ndikuletsa zoopsa zomwe zingachitike pambuyo pa chitsulo chachitsulo chatha. LHFRC imatha kupititsa patsogolo mphamvu yosinthika ya konkire. Poyerekeza ndi konkire wamba, mphamvu yake yosinthika ya konkire wamba imachulukitsidwa ndi pafupifupi 20%, ndipo poyerekeza ndi LSFRC, mphamvu yake yosinthika imachulukitsidwa ndi 2.6%, koma imakhala ndi zotsatira zochepa pa flexural zotanuka modulus ya konkire. The flexural elastic modulus ya LHFRC ndi 1.3% yapamwamba kuposa ya konkriti wamba ndi 0.3% yotsika kuposa ya LSFRC. LHFRC imathanso kukulitsa kulimba kwa konkriti, ndipo mawonekedwe ake olimba amakhala pafupifupi nthawi 8 kuposa konkire wamba ndi nthawi 1.3 kuposa LSFRC. Komanso, chifukwa cha ntchito zosiyana za ulusi awiri kapena kuposa LHFRC mu konkire, malinga ndi zomangamanga zosowa, zabwino wosakanizidwa zotsatira za kupanga CHIKWANGWANI ndi zitsulo CHIKWANGWANI mu konkire angagwiritsidwe ntchito kwambiri kusintha ductility, durability, toughness, mng'alu mphamvu. , flexural mphamvu ndi mphamvu yamakokedwe a zinthu, kusintha zinthu khalidwe ndi kutalikitsa moyo utumiki wa zinthu.

—-Ndemanga (Zomangamanga za Shanxi, Vol. 38, No. 11, Chen Huiqing)